Year Ender 2023: Significant worldwide events that influenced international relations, technological developments, and socioeconomic trends occurred in 2023. The year saw a number of events that have long-term effects on the entire world, from revolutionary space explorations to geopolitical upheavals and natural disasters.
A Greater Intensity of Space Exploration
Numerous space exploration initiatives were carried out in 2023, including:
- India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission: On August 23, 2023, India made history by being the first nation to set foot on the Moon’s unexplored south pole. This was the fourth successful moon landing overall and India’s first since 2020.
- Russia’s Luna-25 mission: The country is also going to make a lunar expedition.
- NASA’s Artemis programme: India is among the nations attempting a moon landing, along with NASA.
India Overtakes China in Population
With 1,425,775,850 people, India surpassed China to become the most populous nation in the world in April 2023, according to the UN. It is anticipated that India’s population will keep increasing for many years.
Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict, Azerbaijan’s Control and Rapid Takeover
In the small, hilly region of Nagorno-Karabakh, which was once an Armenian enclave inside Azerbaijan, one of the most horrific human upheavals since the turn of the century occurred in late September. Azerbaijan took control of the disputed enclave in September after just one day of fighting and tensions spanning three decades. One of the most glaring instances of forced displacement in the twenty-first century occurred when the 120,000 ethnic Armenians who lived in Nagorno-Karabakh fled in large numbers because Armenia was mainly passive and unable to act. However, the South Caucasus soon lost interest on a global scale.
Sudan’s Slip Into Civil Conflict
Fighting broke out in 2023 between the Rapid Support Forces and the Sudanese Armed Forces. Over 500,000 people have lost their lives in the conflict, and about half of the nation’s pre-war population has been displaced.
A String of Tragic Occurrences
A number of natural catastrophes also occurred in the year, such as the flooding in Libya, the earthquakes in Turkey and Syria, and the wildfires on Maui. These incidents resulted in a large number of fatalities and extensive damage, underscoring the necessity of better disaster management as well as the constant threat posed by climate change.
NATO’s Continued Growth
NATO’s “open door policy” is predicated on its founding treaty, Article 10. As of December 2023, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, and Ukraine are the three nations that have formally declared their intention to join NATO. Leaders decided in July 2023 to waive the need for a Membership Action Plan and hasten Ukraine’s admission to NATO. As a result, Ukraine’s two-step membership path will become a one-step process. NATO’s mission is to protect its members’ freedom and security by using both military and political means.
The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict’s Persistence
The conflict has thrust the Palestine problem back into the centre of attention in West Asian geopolitics. Additionally, it has dashed hopes for any time soon for Middle Eastern peace. As a result of Israel’s attack on Gaza, there has been a great deal of Arab street protest, which has increased pressure on dictators and monarchs.
Technological Progress and Difficulties
Significant technological advancements were made in 2023, particularly in fields like artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and renewable energy. These changes had a significant effect on the economy and a number of societal issues.
Concerns for Global Health
Global health issues persisted, underscoring the significance of health in international policy making as efforts to prevent diseases and enhance healthcare systems around the world continued.
Changes in the Economy and Trade Dynamics
The year saw significant shifts in the global economic landscape, including changes in the economies of major nations like the US, China, and EU member states, as well as changes in economic policies and trade dynamics.
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